Inspiration

Discover the Strengths of LVT Vinyl Flooring for Your Home in 4 Key Aspect

Choosing the right flooring goes beyond just looks — it’s about finding a solution that combines style, performance, and practicality for your home or business. LVT Vinyl Flooring has become a popular choice for good reason, offering Waterproof Vinyl Flooring, Scratch-Resistant durability, and the natural beauty of Wood-Look Vinyl Flooring, all enhanced by modern 3D Textured designs.

In this guide, we’ll walk you through 4 essential aspects to consider when selecting LVT vinyl flooring, from aesthetics to construction details. Plus, we’ll share 3 expert tips to help you make an informed decision. Discover why VividCozy LVT Vinyl Flooring stands out as a reliable, stylish, and durable option for every space.

I. Introduction to VividCozy LVT Vinyl Flooring

A. What is LVT Vinyl Flooring?

LVT vinyl flooring, or Luxury Vinyl Tile (and Plank), has revolutionized the flooring market. It is a synthetic flooring material that ingeniously mimics the appearance of natural materials such as wood, stone, and cement. Unlike traditional vinyl, VividCozy’s LVT vinyl flooring offers a more refined and realistic and 3D textured aesthetic, along with enhanced durability of stratch-resistent and waterproof. VividCozy takes this concept to new heights, infusing it with a sense of style flexibility that caters to diverse design sensibilities, a budget – friendly approach that doesn’t compromise on quality, and a construction that is built to withstand the rigors of daily life.
 

B. The VividCozy Promise

VividCozy is not just a brand name; it represents a commitment to excellence. When you choose VividCozy LVT vinyl flooring, you are choosing a product that goes beyond the ordinary. It promises to transform your space with its stylish designs, provide long – lasting performance that can endure the test of time, and offer a cost – effective solution that adds value to your property, whether it’s a home or a commercial establishment.

Consideration 1:
Aesthetic Allure - Unmatched Design Flexibility for Every Space

A. Mimicking Natural Materials

  1. Wood – Look Wonders
    VividCozy LVT vinyl flooring’s wood – look designs are a testament to the brand’s attention to detail. The planks feature intricate grain patterns, knots, and color variations that are almost indistinguishable from real hardwood. Whether you desire the light and airy feel of oak, the rich warmth of walnut, or the rustic charm of reclaimed wood, VividCozy has a wood – look option to suit your taste. These designs can instantly add a touch of nature’s elegance to any room, be it a cozy bedroom or a spacious living area.
  2. Stone and Cement Inspirations
    For those who prefer the sleek and sophisticated look of stone or the industrial – chic vibe of cement, VividCozy LVT delivers equally impressive results. The stone – look designs replicate the texture and color variations of natural stone, from the smoothness of marble to the ruggedness of slate. The cement – look options, on the other hand, capture the raw and minimalist aesthetic of concrete, adding a contemporary edge to your space.

B. Color Collections for Every Palette

  1. Beige Tones: Warm and Versatile
    The beige color collection in VividCozy LVT is a celebration of warmth and versatility. These neutral hues can create a cozy and inviting atmosphere in any room. In a bedroom, they can serve as a soft backdrop for your furniture and decor, while in a commercial space like a hotel lobby, they can provide a welcoming and calming environment for guests.
  2. Grey Shades: Modern Sophistication
    Grey has become a staple in modern interior design, and VividCozy’s grey LVT vinyl flooring collection embraces this trend. From light, silvery greys that can brighten up a space to deep, charcoal greys that add a touch of drama, these shades offer a modern and sophisticated look. They can be paired with bold accent colors for a striking contrast or used alone for a minimalist and serene aesthetic.
  3. Brown Hues: Rich and Luxurious
    The brown color collection in VividCozy LVT vinyl flooring brings a sense of richness and luxury to your space. Whether it’s a warm, honey – colored brown or a deep, espresso – like shade, these planks can add depth and character to a room. They work particularly well in traditional or rustic – inspired designs, but can also be incorporated into modern interiors for a touch of warmth and comfort.

C. 3D Texture for Enhanced Realism

VividCozy LVT vinyl flooring’s features a 3D texture to further enhance the authenticity of the natural looks, . This is not just a superficial print; it’s a tactile experience. When you run your hand over a wood – look or stone – look plank, you can feel the subtle ridges and grooves of the wood grain or stone grain. Step onto a stone – look tile, and the texture underfoot mimics the feel of real stone. This 3D texture not only elevates the visual appeal but also adds to the overall sensory experience of the flooring, making it a more immersive part of your interior design.
 
Detailed breakdown of VividCozy LVT vinyl flooring’s material composition.

Consideration 2:
Performance That Lasts - Built to Withstand Real-Life Demands

A. Waterproof: A Lifesaver in Moist Environments

One of the standout features of VividCozy LVT vinyl flooring is its waterproof nature. In areas like kitchens, bathrooms, laundry rooms, and basements, where moisture is a constant concern, this is a game – changer. Unlike hardwood, which can warp and buckle when exposed to water, and laminate, which may swell, VividCozy LVT vinyl flooring remains unaffected. Spills can be easily wiped away, and you don’t have to worry about long – term water damage, making it an ideal choice for households with children, pets, or anyone who wants peace of mind in moisture – prone areas.
 

B. Scratch – Resistant: Standing Up to Daily Wear and Tear

Daily life can be harsh on flooring. From pet claws to high – heeled shoes, from moving furniture to dropped objects, there are numerous potential sources of scratches and scuff marks. VividCozy LVT vinyl flooring is designed with a scratch – resistant layer that acts as a shield. The wear – resistant layer in its multi – layer construction (which we will explore in detail later) protects the surface, ensuring that your flooring maintains its pristine appearance for years, even in high – traffic areas such as hallways, entryways, and commercial spaces.

C. Easy to Clean and Maintain: Saving Time and Effort

VividCozy LVT vinyl flooring is a dream when it comes to maintenance. Unlike some natural flooring materials that require regular polishing, sealing, or the use of special cleaning products, VividCozy LVT vinyl flooring is incredibly easy to clean. A simple daily sweep or vacuum to remove dirt and debris, followed by a mop with a mild, pH – neutral cleaner, is all it takes to keep it looking its best. Spills can be quickly wiped away without leaving stains or causing any damage to the floor, saving you both time and money in the long run.

D. Heat – Resistant: Versatile in Various Environments

In spaces where temperature variations or heat sources are a concern, such as kitchens with under – counter appliances, bathrooms with heated floors, or sunny rooms with direct sunlight exposure, VividCozy LVT vinyl flooring’s heat – resistant properties come into play. It can withstand moderate heat without warping, melting, or discoloring. This versatility makes it suitable for a wide range of areas in both homes and commercial settings, ensuring consistent performance regardless of temperature fluctuations.

E. Quick Installation: Minimizing Disruption

Time is of the essence in any flooring project, and VividCozy LVT understands this. Its design allows for quick and hassle – free installation. Whether you are a DIY enthusiast or hiring a professional installer, the planks can be laid efficiently. Many VividCozy LVT products feature a click – and – lock system or adhesive backing, simplifying the installation process. This means less disruption to your daily life at home or to your business operations in a commercial setting, and you can start enjoying your new floor sooner.
 

F. High Value for Money: A Smart Investment

Investing in flooring is a significant decision, and VividCozy LVT vinyl flooring offers exceptional value for money. When compared to natural wood, stone, or high – end ceramic tiles, it provides a cost – effective alternative without sacrificing style or performance. Its durability ensures a long lifespan, reducing the need for frequent replacements. Additionally, the low maintenance requirements translate to savings on cleaning products and professional maintenance services over time. For budget – conscious homeowners and businesses looking to achieve a high – end look without the high – end price tag, VividCozy LVT is a smart investment.

Consideration 3:
The Science Behind LVT Vinyl Flooing: Multi-Layered Durability & Visual Appeal

A. PET Film: The Foundation

At the bottom of the VividCozy LVT vinyl flooring plank lies the PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) film. This layer serves as a stable base, providing dimensional stability to the plank. It helps prevent the planks from warping or shrinking over time, even in environments with fluctuating humidity levels. The PET film also adds a degree of flexibility, which can be beneficial in areas with minor subfloor imperfections.

B. Adhesive Backing Layer: Securing the Plank

The adhesive backing layer is crucial for the installation process, especially for products designed for peel – and – stick application. It ensures a strong bond between the plank and the subfloor, contributing to the overall stability of the flooring system. A well – bonded plank is less likely to shift or lift, ensuring a smooth and seamless appearance on your floor.

C. Bottom Film Layer: Reinforcing Structure

This layer further enhances the structural integrity of the plank. It adds additional support and protection, helping to distribute weight evenly across the plank. This even distribution of weight can contribute to the sound – dampening properties of the flooring, reducing the noise transmission between floors in a multi – level building.

D. PVC Base Layer: The Core Strength

The PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) base layer is the core of the VividCozy LVT vinyl flooring plank. It is a robust material that provides durability and stability, allowing the plank to withstand impacts, pressure, and daily wear and tear. This layer is what gives the LVT its ability to endure the rigors of real – life use, from heavy foot traffic to the occasional dropped object.

E. Color Film Layer: Bringing Designs to Life

The color film layer is where the magic of design happens. This layer contains the printed design that replicates the look of wood, stone, or cement. High – quality printing techniques are employed to ensure that the colors and patterns are vibrant, realistic, and long – lasting. Whether it’s the intricate grain of a wood plank or the subtle veining of a stone tile, the color film layer brings these designs to life with astonishing accuracy.

F. Wear – Resistant Layer: Protecting the Surface

Above the color film layer is the wear – resistant layer, which acts as a shield against scratches, scuffs, and stains. This layer is essential for maintaining the appearance of the flooring, especially in high – traffic areas. It ensures that the beautiful design of the LVT remains intact, even after years of use.

G. Transparent UV Layer: Preserving Beauty

The topmost layer of the VividCozy LVT plank is the transparent UV (Ultraviolet) layer. It not only adds a subtle sheen to the flooring but also protects the design from fading due to sunlight exposure. This UV protection is crucial for maintaining the vibrant colors and realistic appearance of the LVT over time, even in rooms with ample natural light.
 
Reference size chart for product samples.

Consideration 4:
Size, Thickness & Packaging - Practical Details You Need to Know

A. Plank Dimensions

VividCozy LVT vinyl flooring planks come in a convenient size of 36″ x 6″ (914.4mm x 152.4mm). This size is highly versatile, suitable for various room layouts and design styles. The length of the planks provides a visually appealing linear look, while the width offers a balance between the appearance of traditional wood planks and the practicality of vinyl flooring. Whether you are installing them in a small bathroom or a large commercial space, these dimensions can be easily adapted to your needs.

B. Thickness

With a thickness of 0.07″ (1.8mm), VividCozy LVT vinyl flooring strikes a perfect balance between durability and flexibility. It is thick enough to withstand daily wear and tear, including impacts and foot traffic, yet thin enough to be flexible for easy installation and to adapt to minor subfloor irregularities. This optimal thickness ensures that the LVT vinyl flooring is both long – lasting and easy to work with during the installation process.
 

C. Packaging

Each box of VividCozy LVT vinyl flooring contains 36 planks, covering an area of 54 square feet (5.02 square meters). This packaging makes it easy to calculate the quantity needed for your project. Whether you are flooring a small bedroom or a large commercial space, the box size allows for efficient ordering and storage. You can easily determine how many boxes you need based on the square footage of your space, reducing waste and ensuring that you have the right amount of flooring for your project.

Application Scenarios: Where VividCozy LVT Vinyl Flooring Used

Real-life application examples of the product in finished spaces.

A. Applicable Scenes

  1. Over Tile Surfaces
    VividCozy LVT vinyl flooring can be installed over existing tile surfaces, providing a cost – effective way to update the look of a room without the need for demolition. This is particularly useful in bathrooms or kitchens where the existing tile may be outdated but still in good condition.
  2. On Smooth Cement Surfaces
    On smooth cement floors, VividCozy LVT vinyl flooring adds warmth, style, and protection. It is suitable for basements, industrial – style lofts, and commercial spaces. The LVT can transform a cold and uninviting cement floor into a cozy and stylish surface.
  3. Over Textured Floor Tiles
    Even over textured floor tiles, VividCozy LVT vinyl flooring can be installed, as long as the surface is clean, dry, and within the flatness tolerance. This allows for more flexibility in renovation projects, as you don’t have to remove existing textured tiles if they are in good condition.

B. Not Applicable Scenes

  1. Uneven Surfaces
    If the subfloor is significantly uneven (beyond the 1/8″ over 10 feet tolerance), it can lead to an uneven appearance and potential issues with the planks. In such cases, it is recommended to level the subfloor before installing VividCozy LVT.
  2. Uncleanable Surfaces
    Subfloors that can’t be properly cleaned of dirt, oil, or other contaminants may prevent the adhesive from bonding effectively. It is essential to ensure that the subfloor is clean and free of any substances that could interfere with the adhesive bond.
  3. Outdoor Ground
    VividCozy LVT vinyl flooring is designed for indoor use. Outdoor exposure to weather elements like rain, snow, and extreme temperatures can damage the flooring over time. For outdoor applications, it is recommended to use flooring materials specifically designed for outdoor use.

C. Residential Applications

  1. Kitchens
    With its waterproof and easy – to – clean properties, VividCozy LVT vinyl flooring is perfect for kitchens. It can withstand spills, splatters, and heavy foot traffic while maintaining its beautiful appearance. Whether you are cooking up a storm or hosting a dinner party, you can be confident that your kitchen floor will look great. The wood – look designs can complement the natural wood tones of cabinetry, creating a cohesive and warm kitchen aesthetic. For example, a light oak – look LVT can pair beautifully with white shaker cabinets and stainless – steel appliances, giving the kitchen a bright and inviting feel. And when it comes to cleaning up after a messy cooking session, a simple wipe with a damp cloth is all it takes to remove grease, food spills, and water splashes.
  2. Living Rooms
    Create a cozy and stylish living room with VividCozy LVT vinyl flooring. The diverse range of designs, from wood – look to stone – look, allows you to set the perfect mood. A rich walnut – look LVT can add a touch of elegance and warmth to a traditional – styled living room, complementing leather sofas and antique wooden furniture. In a modern living room, a sleek cement – look LVT vinyl flooring can create a minimalist and contemporary vibe, pairing well with clean – lined sofas and abstract art pieces. The soft 3D texture of the LVT vinyl flooring also adds a layer of comfort underfoot, making it a pleasure to walk on, whether you’re relaxing barefoot or in socks. Additionally, the scratch – resistant nature of the LVT vinyl flooring means that even if you have pets or kids who love to play in the living room, the floor will remain free from unsightly marks.
  3. Bedrooms
    In bedrooms, VividCozy LVT vinyl flooring provides a comfortable and quiet underfoot experience. The variety of colors and textures allows you to create a personalized retreat. For a cozy, cottage – style bedroom, a beige wood – look LVT vinyl flooring can be the perfect choice, creating a warm and inviting atmosphere that pairs well with floral – patterned bedding and rustic wooden furniture. If you prefer a more modern and serene bedroom, a light grey stone – look LVT vinyl flooring can be installed, giving the room a calm and sophisticated feel. The sound – dampening properties of the LVT, thanks to its multi – layer construction, also help to reduce noise, so you can enjoy a peaceful night’s sleep without being disturbed by creaky floors. And since the LVT is easy to clean, you can quickly vacuum or sweep up any dust or pet hair, keeping your bedroom looking tidy.
  4. Bathrooms
    Waterproof and moisture – resistant, VividCozy LVT is an excellent choice for bathrooms. It can handle humidity and water exposure, and the realistic designs can mimic the look of natural stone or wood without the maintenance. A marble – look LVT can give your bathroom a luxurious feel, making it seem like a high – end spa. The waterproof feature means that you don’t have to worry about water seeping into the floor and causing damage, even with frequent showers or baths. And unlike real stone, which can be cold and hard, the LVT has a bit of give underfoot, making it more comfortable to stand on while getting ready in the morning or taking a relaxing bath in the evening. Cleaning the bathroom floor is also a breeze – simply wipe up any water spills or toothpaste splatters with a damp cloth.
  5. Laundry Rooms
    The durability and waterproof nature of VividCozy LVT make it ideal for laundry rooms, where spills and moisture are common. Whether it’s a leaky washing machine or a dropped detergent bottle, the LVT can handle it. The easy – to – clean surface means that you can quickly wipe up any messes, and the scratch – resistant layer can withstand the movement of laundry baskets and the occasional bump from the washing machine or dryer. You can choose a practical and neutral – colored LVT for the laundry room, such as a grey or beige, which can hide dirt and stains well and still look clean and fresh.

Want to see how real homeowners are using LVT flooring in their spaces? Follow us on [Instagram/Facebook/Pinterest] for daily inspiration and real-life home transformations with VividCozy floors.

Tips 1: Try Before You Buy - The Sample Pack Advantage

A. Making Informed Decisions

Choosing the right flooring is a significant investment, and seeing a sample in person can make all the difference. VividCozy offers a “Try Before You Buy” sample pack, which allows you to test the color, texture, and fit of the LVT vinyl flooring in your own space. This hands – on approach helps you avoid any unpleasant surprises and make a smart, confident decision.
 

B. Sample Pack Details

The sample pack includes 6″ x 4″ samples of the available color options. This gives you a true representation of the plank’s appearance, texture, and color in the actual lighting conditions of your home or business. You can place the samples on your existing floor, see how they complement your decor, and get a feel for the 3D texture. This way, you can be sure that the VividCozy LVT vinyl flooring you choose is the perfect fit for your space.
 
Order curated LVT vinyl samples in Vividcozy to preview styles in your space. Kits ship fast in 3-7 days, and up to $20 gets credited toward your full purchase. No guesswork, no risk.
Step-by-step visual guide for product installation.

Tips 2: Installation Guide - A Step - by - Step Approach

A. Pre – Installation Preparation

  1. Acclimation
    Before installation, it is essential to acclimate the VividCozy LVT vinyl flooring tiles for 72 hours at a room temperature between 68–78°F. This allows the planks to adjust to the environment, preventing expansion or contraction after installation. Proper acclimation ensures that the planks will fit snugly and perform well over time.
  2. Subfloor Preparation
    The subfloor must be clean, dry, and flat within 1/8″ over 10 feet. Any imperfections in the subfloor can affect the appearance and performance of the flooring. Take the time to clean the subfloor thoroughly, removing any dirt, dust, or debris. If there are any uneven areas, you may need to use a self – leveling compound to ensure a smooth surface for the LVT installation.

B. Installation Steps

  1. Clean
    Start by cleaning the subfloor one last time to ensure it is free of any remaining dirt, dust, or debris. A clean subfloor is essential for a proper bond between the LVT vinyl flooring and the subfloor.
  2. Plan
    Plan the layout of the planks carefully. Dry – lay the planks before peeling the adhesive backing to ensure a visually appealing pattern. It is recommended to mix tiles from 3 boxes to ensure a varied, natural look. This step allows you to make any necessary adjustments before committing to the installation.
  3. Cut
    If necessary, cut the planks to fit around obstacles or along the edges of the room. Use a sharp tool to ensure clean, precise cuts. Measure twice and cut once to avoid any mistakes that could waste materials.
  4. Peel
    Peel the adhesive backing in 12″ sections. This allows for better control during installation and helps prevent the adhesive from picking up debris. Work slowly and carefully to ensure that the adhesive backing is removed evenly.
  5. Stick
    Press the plank firmly onto the subfloor, starting from the center and working outward. Ensure there are no air bubbles or gaps. Use a roller or a flathead screwdriver to smooth out any air bubbles and ensure a proper bond.
  6. Roll
    After installation, roll the floor in both directions with a 100 – lb roller to ensure a strong bond between the planks and the subfloor. This step helps to ensure that the LVT vinyl flooring is firmly attached and will not shift or lift over time.
  7. Gaps and Sunlight
    Leave a 1/4″ gap at the walls to allow for expansion. Avoid direct sunlight exposure for extended periods, as it can cause fading over time. Also, be cautious with heavy dragging, as it can damage the planks.

Tips 3: Real - Life Transformations with VividCozy LVT vinyl flooring

A. A Dated Kitchen Gets a Modern Makeover

Jane, a homeowner, had a kitchen with old, worn – out laminate flooring that was starting to peel and showed signs of water damage. She wanted a flooring solution that was waterproof, easy to clean, and stylish. After researching, she chose VividCozy LVT in a light wood – look design. The installation was straightforward, and the new flooring completely transformed the kitchen. The light, airy planks brightened up the space, and the waterproof feature gave Jane peace of mind when cooking and cleaning. The 3D texture of the LVT also added a realistic wood feel to the kitchen, making it look and feel more like a high – end space with real hardwood floors, but without the maintenance headaches.

B. A Commercial Space Goes from Drab to Fab

A small boutique hotel had tired, carpeted hallways that were difficult to clean and maintain. The management team decided to upgrade to VividCozy LVT in a stone – look design. The result was a sleek, modern look that enhanced the hotel’s aesthetic appeal. Guests commented on the beautiful flooring, and the hotel staff appreciated how easy it was to clean and maintain. The scratch – resistant and waterproof features of the LVT were also a big plus, as the hallways could withstand the constant foot traffic from guests and the occasional spill of luggage contents or food and drinks.

C. A Basement Transformation

Mark had a dark, damp basement that he wanted to turn into a functional living space. The concrete floor was cold and uninviting. He chose VividCozy LVT in a warm, brown wood – look design. The waterproof and easy – to – install features were perfect for the basement environment. Now, the basement is a cozy, inviting space that Mark uses as a home gym and entertainment area. The 3D texture of the LVT adds a touch of warmth and comfort to the otherwise cold basement, and the durability of the LVT means that it can withstand the impact of free weights and the movement of exercise equipment.

XI. Conclusion: VividCozy LVT as a Flooring Game – Changer

VividCozy LVT Vinyl Flooring has proven itself to be a versatile, durable, and stylish flooring solution for both residential and commercial applications. Its ability to mimic natural materials with stunning realism, combined with its waterproof, scratch – resistant, and easy – to – maintain properties, makes it a top choice for anyone looking to upgrade their flooring. Whether you are renovating your home, updating a commercial space, or simply looking for a flooring option that can keep up with your lifestyle, VividCozy LVT offers a winning combination of form and function. With its various design options, practical installation process, and long – lasting performance, it is set to redefine the way we think about vinyl flooring and elevate the aesthetic and functional quality of spaces for years to come.

Tips 4: Commercial Applications of VividCozy LVT vinyl flooring

A. Offices

Create a professional and stylish office environment with VividCozy LVT. Its durability can withstand heavy foot traffic, as employees and clients come and go throughout the day. In a corporate office, a sleek and modern stone – look LVT can be installed in the lobby and common areas, making a great first impression. The wood – look LVT can be used in private offices to create a more warm and inviting workspace. The easy – to – clean nature of the LVT is also a big plus in an office setting, as it can be quickly cleaned during off – hours to maintain a professional appearance. And since the LVT is available in a range of neutral colors, it can easily match the company’s branding and interior design scheme.
 

B. Hotels and Hospitality

In hotels, lobbies, and guest rooms, VividCozy LVT offers a balance of style and practicality. It can withstand the wear and tear of constant use while providing an inviting atmosphere for guests. In the lobby, a high – end marble – look LVT can create a luxurious feel, making guests feel welcome. In guest rooms, a comfortable wood – look LVT can add a touch of home – like warmth. The waterproof and easy – to – clean features are also essential in the hospitality industry, as housekeeping staff can quickly clean the floors between guest stays, ensuring that each room is spotless. Additionally, the scratch – resistant layer ensures that the LVT looks good for years, even with luggage being rolled across it and furniture being moved.

C. Retail Spaces

Retail stores can benefit from VividCozy LVT’s attractive designs and durability. It can handle high foot traffic and spills, while enhancing the overall shopping experience with its stylish appearance. In a fashion boutique, a trendy wood – look LVT can create a warm and inviting shopping environment, complementing the clothing displays. In a grocery store, a practical and easy – to – clean stone – look LVT can withstand spills from food and drinks and be quickly cleaned up. The variety of designs also allows retailers to create different zones within the store, such as a more upscale area with a marble – look LVT and a casual area with a wood – look LVT, guiding customers through the shopping experience.
 

D. Restaurants and Cafes

In food service establishments, VividCozy LVT’s waterproof and easy – to – clean features are invaluable. It can withstand spills, food debris, and heavy foot traffic, while the design options can contribute to the restaurant’s ambiance. A rustic wood – look LVT can be perfect for a cozy coffee shop, creating a warm and inviting atmosphere for customers to enjoy their coffee and pastries. In a fine – dining restaurant, a sleek stone – look LVT can add a touch of elegance to the dining area. The heat – resistant properties of the LVT also make it suitable for use near kitchen areas or in cafes with hot beverage stations, as it can withstand the occasional spill of hot coffee or soup without being damaged.
 

Leave a Reply